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9893-18 Fixation Practices
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Added:02/14/2017 11:22

FREE FOR MEMBERS!
Description: Learn how to categorize different types of fixing agents; to elaborate on concepts in fixation and preservation of cellular elements for different types of analysis; and to utilize principles of tissue/cell preservation and fixation in order to effectively demonstrate specific components of cells and tissues.
Start Date: Upon registration
Completion: Up to 52 weeks
Credits awarded per Session. See individual Sessions for further details.
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FREE FOR MEMBERS!

Description: Learn how to categorize different types of fixing agents; to elaborate on concepts in fixation and preservation of cellular elements for different types of analysis; and to utilize principles of tissue/cell preservation and fixation in order to effectively demonstrate specific components of cells and tissues. 

Start Date: Upon registration

Completion: Up to 52 weeks

Course/Activity Information

Learning Outcomes:

  • Describe basic structure and reactions of protein in relation to fixation
  • Define purpose/function of fixation

o   Identify chemical structure of acetone, formaldehyde, ethanol, formic acid, picric acid, methanol, acetic acid, mercuric chloride, glutaraldehyde, osmium tetroxide, potassium dichromate, glyoxal

o   Describe features of fixing agents:

o   B-Plus™ (zinc based fixatives)

o   Bouin's, Hollande

o   Ethanol and alcohol solutions

o   Formaldehyde, NBF

o   Glutaraldehyde

o   Michel transport medium

o   Zenker, Helly, B-5 and mercury-based fixatives

o   Proprietary reagents

PreservcytTM

CytolytTM

IBFTM

-AZFTM

  • Define preservation and differentiate from fixation.
  • Identify fixation/fixative artifacts
  • Describe the effects and optimization of temperature, volume of fixative, osmolality, concentration, time of exposure and [H+] concentration on fixation of tissue
  • Describe how the size of tissue affects fixation
  • State the optimal thickness of tissue for paraffin processing for light microscopy
  • State the optimal thickness of tissue for electron microscopy
  • Differentiate between non-coagulant and coagulant fixative
  • Describe the mode of action and general classification, advantages, disadvantages and safety precautions associated with:

o   Formaldehyde

o   Ethanol and alcohol solutions

o   Picric acid

o   Osmium tetroxide

o   Mercuric chloride

o   Zinc compounds

  • Define

o   Tolerant fixative

o   Intolerant fixative

o   Simple fixative

o   Compound fixative

o   Coagulant fixative

o   Non-coagulant fixative

o   Additive fixative

o   Non-additive fixative

  • Define autolysis: cytolysis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis
  • Define putrefaction
  • Describe conditions/analyses when/where fresh, unfixed tissue is required
  • Define/Describe the use of post-fixation
  • Discuss the theories regarding mechanisms of various types of fixatives
  • Describe handling, disposal and storage of reagents used for fixatives

o   Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)

o   Exposure limits (OEL)

 

Author: Masaye Tanaka,  ART, BSc, MEd

Version Date: October 2016

 

PEP hours: 10

CPS credits: 0

*Note: PEP hours and/or CPS credits will only be awarded upon successful completion of Final Exam.

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